50 Solved Anatomy and Physiology Multiple Choice Questions MCQ [301 - 350]

301. Which of the following organs is responsible for the production and secretion of bile?

A. Pancreas

B. Liver

C. Gallbladder

D. Stomach

Answer: B. Liver

302. What is the purpose of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of airflow

B. Production of mucus

C. Protection of the airway during swallowing

D. Exchange of gases

Answer: C. Protection of the airway during swallowing

303. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of erythropoietin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Kidneys

Answer: D. Kidneys

304. What is the purpose of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the cardiovascular system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the atria

C. Coordination of heart contractions

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: C. Coordination of heart contractions

305. Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

A. Exchange of gases

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Elimination of carbon dioxide

D. Oxygenation of blood

Answer: B. Regulation of body temperature

306. What is the purpose of the cerebellum in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Processing of visual information

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

307. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of cortisol?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: A. Adrenal glands

308. What is the purpose of the tricuspid valve in the cardiovascular system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the atria

C. Facilitation of gas exchange

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the atria

309. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

A. Generation of heat

B. Facilitation of movement

C. Protection of internal organs

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: D. Production of red blood cells

310. What is the purpose of the adrenal cortex in the endocrine system?

A. Secretion of stress hormones

B. Regulation of blood sugar levels

C. Maintenance of fluid balance

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: C. Maintenance of fluid balance

311. Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of electrical signals between neurons?

A. Sinoatrial node (SA node)

B. Atrioventricular node (AV node)

C. Synaptic cleft

D. Axons and dendrites

Answer: D. Axons and dendrites

312. What is the purpose of the corpus callosum in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Integration of information between the left and right cerebral hemispheres

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Integration of information between the left and right cerebral hemispheres

313. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of growth hormone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Ovaries

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

314. What is the purpose of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of airflow

B. Production of mucus

C. Exchange of gases

D. Protection of the lungs

Answer: C. Exchange of gases

315. Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

A. Protection against pathogens

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Synthesis of vitamin D

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: D. Production of red blood cells

316. What is the purpose of the thymus gland in the immune system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Production of antibodies

C. Activation and maturation of T-cells

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Activation and maturation of T-cells

317. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of insulin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: D. Pancreas

318. What is the purpose of the medulla oblongata in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Regulation of vital functions such as breathing and heart rate

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Regulation of vital functions such as breathing and heart rate

319. Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?

A. Bones

B. Muscles

C. Joints

D. Cartilage

Answer: B. Muscles

320. What is the purpose of the semicircular canals in the ear?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Detection of sound waves

C. Maintenance of balance and orientation

D. Production of mucus

Answer: C. Maintenance of balance and orientation

321. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Parathyroid glands

Answer: D. Parathyroid glands

322. What is the purpose of the gastric glands in the digestive system?

A. Production of bile

B. Storage and concentration of bile

C. Absorption of nutrients

D. Secretion of gastric juice and enzymes

Answer: D. Secretion of gastric juice and enzymes

323. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Filtration of blood

C. Regulation of electrolyte balance

D. Removal of metabolic waste products

Answer: A. Regulation of blood pressure

324. What is the purpose of the occipital lobe in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Processing of visual information

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Processing of visual information

325. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Testes and ovaries

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

326. What is the purpose of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Protection of the airway during swallowing

C. Generation of sound

D. Facilitation of breathing by contracting and relaxing

Answer: D. Facilitation of breathing by contracting and relaxing

327. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?

A. Transportation of oxygen and nutrients

B. Removal of waste products

C. Regulation of body temperature

D. Distribution of hormones

Answer: C. Regulation of body temperature

328. What is the purpose of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?

A. Regulation of blood sugar levels

B. Production of digestive enzymes

C. Maintenance of fluid balance

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: A. Regulation of blood sugar levels

329. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of melatonin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pineal gland

Answer: D. Pineal gland

330. What is the purpose of the peristaltic contractions in the digestive system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Mixing and propulsion of food along the gastrointestinal tract

C. Production of bile

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Mixing and propulsion of food along the gastrointestinal tract

331. Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

A. Sensory perception

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Coordination of body movements

D. Memory and learning

Answer: B. Regulation of body temperature

332. What is the purpose of the lymphatic system in the body?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Production of red blood cells

C. Defense against pathogens and removal of waste products

D. Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Answer: C. Defense against pathogens and removal of waste products

333. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of aldosterone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Adrenal medulla

Answer: A. Adrenal glands

334. What is the purpose of the semilunar valves in the cardiovascular system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the atria

C. Facilitation of gas exchange

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the atria

335. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?

A. Regulation of metabolism

B. Control of growth and development

C. Coordination of body movements

D. Regulation of reproductive functions

Answer: C. Coordination of body movements

336. What is the purpose of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

A. Secretion of stress hormones

B. Regulation of blood sugar levels

C. Control of hormone production in other endocrine glands

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: C. Control of hormone production in other endocrine glands

337. Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of electrical signals to the muscles?

A. Sinoatrial node (SA node)

B. Atrioventricular node (AV node)

C. Neuromuscular junction

D. Axons and dendrites

Answer: C. Neuromuscular junction

338. What is the purpose of the hypothalamus in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Regulation of hormone secretion

D. Processing of sensory information

Answer: C. Regulation of hormone secretion

339. Which of the following is NOT a component of the digestive system?

A. Stomach

B. Liver

C. Kidneys

D. Small intestine

Answer: C. Kidneys

340. What is the purpose of the tympanic membrane in the ear?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Detection of sound waves

C. Maintenance of balance and orientation

D. Protection of the inner ear

Answer: B. Detection of sound waves

341. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Parathyroid glands

Answer: D. Parathyroid glands

342. What is the purpose of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

A. Production of bile

B. Storage and concentration of bile

C. Absorption of nutrients

D. Secretion of saliva containing enzymes for digestion

Answer: D. Secretion of saliva containing enzymes for digestion

343. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Filtration of blood

C. Regulation of electrolyte balance

D. Removal of metabolic waste products

Answer: A. Regulation of blood pressure

344. What is the purpose of the cerebrum in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Processing of visual information

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

345. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of oxytocin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Uterus and mammary glands

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

346. What is the purpose of the quadriceps femoris muscle in the musculoskeletal system?

A. Flexion of the elbow joint

B. Extension of the knee joint

C. Abduction of the shoulder joint

D. Plantar flexion of the ankle joint

Answer: B. Extension of the knee joint

347. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of thyroxine?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: C. Thyroid gland

348. What is the purpose of the accommodation reflex in the visual system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Detection of color vision

C. Focusing on near and far objects

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Focusing on near and far objects

349. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of progesterone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Ovaries

Answer: D. Ovaries

350. What is the purpose of the gastrocnemius muscle in the musculoskeletal system?

A. Flexion of the elbow joint

B. Extension of the knee joint

C. Abduction of the shoulder joint

D. Plantar flexion of the ankle joint

Answer: D. Plantar flexion of the ankle joint