50 Solved Anatomy and Physiology Multiple Choice Questions MCQ [101 - 150]

101. Which of the following is NOT a primary tissue type in the human body?

A. Epithelial

B. Connective

C. Nervous

D. Muscular

Answer: D. Muscular

102. Which organ is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?

A. Liver

B. Kidney

C. Pancreas

D. Spleen

Answer: A. Liver

103. Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?

A. Cell

B. Tissue

C. Organ

D. Organism

Answer: A. Cell

104. What is the function of red blood cells in the human body?

A. Carrying oxygen

B. Fighting infections

C. Clotting blood

D. Removing waste products

Answer: A. Carrying oxygen

105. The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules for absorption is known as:

A. Respiration

B. Digestion

C. Circulation

D. Excretion

Answer: B. Digestion

106. Which bone is commonly referred to as the collarbone?

A. Scapula

B. Clavicle

C. Humerus

D. Radius

Answer: B. Clavicle

107. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

A. Protection

B. Temperature regulation

C. Vitamin D synthesis

D. Blood cell production

Answer: D. Blood cell production

108. Which part of the brain controls basic functions such as breathing and heart rate?

A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Medulla oblongata

D. Hypothalamus

Answer: C. Medulla oblongata

109. Which type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs like the stomach and intestines?

A. Skeletal muscle

B. Cardiac muscle

C. Smooth muscle

D. Striated muscle

Answer: C. Smooth muscle

110. Which of the following is NOT a component of the central nervous system?

A. Brain

B. Spinal cord

C. Nerves

D. Meninges

Answer: C. Nerves

111. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

A. Transporting oxygen

B. Filtering lymph

C. Fighting infections

D. Absorbing dietary fats

Answer: A. Transporting oxygen

112. Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

A. Insulin

B. Thyroxine

C. Estrogen

D. Testosterone

Answer: A. Insulin

113. Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?

A. Bone

B. Cartilage

C. Adipose tissue

D. Epithelium

Answer: D. Epithelium

114. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

A. Right atrium

B. Right ventricle

C. Left atrium

D. Left ventricle

Answer: C. Left atrium

115. Which of the following is responsible for producing and secreting urine?

A. Liver

B. Kidney

C. Pancreas

D. Gallbladder

Answer: B. Kidney

116. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A. Transporting oxygen

B. Digesting food

C. Pumping blood

D. Regulating body temperature

Answer: A. Transporting oxygen

117. Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

A. Skull

B. Vertebrae

C. Pelvis

D. Clavicle

Answer: D. Clavicle

118. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?

A. Melatonin

B. Adrenaline

C. Insulin

D. Estrogen

Answer: A. Melatonin

119. The process of converting glucose into cellular energy is known as:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Glycolysis

C. Respiration

D. Metabolism

Answer: C. Respiration

120. Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?

A. Absorption of nutrients

B. Elimination of waste

C. Regulation of body temperature

D. Breaking down food

Answer: C. Regulation of body temperature

121. Which of the following is responsible for producing antibodies to fight against infections?

A. Red blood cells

B. White blood cells

C. Platelets

D. Plasma

Answer: B. White blood cells

122. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?

A. Regulating metabolism

B. Controlling growth and development

C. Producing hormones

D. Transmitting nerve impulses

Answer: D. Transmitting nerve impulses

123. Which type of joint allows for free movement in all directions?

A. Ball-and-socket joint

B. Hinge joint

C. Pivot joint

D. Saddle joint

Answer: A. Ball-and-socket joint

124. Which of the following is the largest organ in the human body?

A. Liver

B. Brain

C. Skin

D. Heart

Answer: C. Skin

125. Which of the following is responsible for carrying oxygen in the bloodstream?

A. Hemoglobin

B. Platelets

C. Leukocytes

D. Plasma

Answer: A. Hemoglobin

126. Which part of the eye is responsible for controlling the amount of light that enters?

A. Cornea

B. Lens

C. Iris

D. Retina

Answer: C. Iris

127. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

A. Filtering waste from the blood

B. Regulating water balance

C. Producing hormones

D. Maintaining electrolyte balance

Answer: C. Producing hormones

128. Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth?

A. Estrogen

B. Progesterone

C. Oxytocin

D. Testosterone

Answer: C. Oxytocin

129. Which of the following is NOT a component of the peripheral nervous system?

A. Spinal nerves

B. Cranial nerves

C. Autonomic nervous system

D. Brainstem

Answer: D. Brainstem

130. What is the primary function of the reproductive system?

A. Producing hormones

B. Protecting the body from infections

C. Regulating body temperature

D. Facilitating reproduction

Answer: D. Facilitating reproduction

131. Which of the following is responsible for producing and secreting digestive enzymes?

A. Liver

B. Stomach

C. Pancreas

D. Gallbladder

Answer: C. Pancreas

132. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body tissues?

A. Arteries

B. Veins

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

Answer: A. Arteries

133. Which of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?

A. Femur

B. Rib

C. Ulna

D. Scapula

Answer: B. Rib

134. What is the purpose of the mucus produced in the respiratory system?

A. Lubrication

B. Protection against infections

C. Digestion of food

D. Transportation of oxygen

Answer: B. Protection against infections

135. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?

A. Cortisol

B. Thyroxine

C. Adrenaline

D. Insulin

Answer: C. Adrenaline

136. What is the purpose of the skeletal system?

A. Providing structure and support

B. Transporting oxygen

C. Regulating body temperature

D. Producing hormones

Answer: A. Providing structure and support

137. Which of the following is responsible for carrying impulses from one neuron to another?

A. Dendrites

B. Axons

C. Synapses

D. Neurotransmitters

Answer: C. Synapses

138. Which of the following is responsible for producing sperm in males?

A. Testes

B. Ovaries

C. Prostate gland

D. Uterus

Answer: A. Testes

139. Which type of blood vessels carry blood back to the heart?

A. Arteries

B. Veins

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

Answer: B. Veins

140. Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the brain?

A. Frontal lobe

B. Parietal lobe

C. Temporal lobe

D. Spinal lobe

Answer: D. Spinal lobe

141. Which of the following is responsible for producing and secreting digestive juices to break down food?

A. Liver

B. Stomach

C. Pancreas

D. Gallbladder

Answer: B. Stomach

142. What is the purpose of the lymphatic system?

A. Transporting oxygen

B. Fighting infections

C. Digesting food

D. Regulating body temperature

Answer: B. Fighting infections

143. Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body?

A. Insulin

B. Thyroxine

C. Estrogen

D. Parathyroid hormone

Answer: D. Parathyroid hormone

144. Which part of the brain is responsible for processing sensory information?

A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Medulla oblongata

D. Thalamus

Answer: D. Thalamus

145. Which of the following is responsible for filtering and removing metabolic waste from the blood?

A. Liver

B. Kidney

C. Pancreas

D. Spleen

Answer: B. Kidney

146. What is the primary function of the integumentary system?

A. Protection

B. Oxygen transport

C. Regulation of body temperature

D. Nutrient absorption

Answer: A. Protection

147. Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

A. Skeletal muscle

B. Cardiac muscle

C. Smooth muscle

D. Elastic muscle

Answer: D. Elastic muscle

148. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?

A. Regulation of metabolism

B. Control of growth and development

C. Coordination of voluntary movements

D. Regulation of reproductive processes

Answer: C. Coordination of voluntary movements

149. Which of the following joints allows for flexion and extension movements?

A. Ball-and-socket joint

B. Hinge joint

C. Pivot joint

D. Saddle joint

Answer: B. Hinge joint

150. What is the purpose of the epiglottis?

A. Producing saliva

B. Filtering blood

C. Regulating body temperature

D. Preventing food from entering the trachea

Answer: D. Preventing food from entering the trachea