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50 Solved Anatomy and Physiology Multiple Choice Questions MCQ [1 - 50]

1. Which of the following organs is part of the central nervous system?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Brain
D. Pancreas
Answer: C. Brain

2. What is the smallest unit of life?
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Organ system
Answer: A. Cell

3. Which organ is responsible for producing insulin?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Pancreas
D. Stomach
Answer: C. Pancreas

4. The process of breaking down food into simpler substances that can be absorbed by the body is called:
A. Digestion
B. Circulation
C. Respiration
D. Excretion
Answer: A. Digestion

5. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
A. Protection
B. Sensation
C. Hormone production
D. Temperature regulation
Answer: C. Hormone production

6. Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary contractions?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
D. Striated muscle
Answer: B. Smooth muscle

7. Which of the following is the correct order of the digestive system?
A. Mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
B. Stomach, mouth, small intestine, large intestine
C. Mouth, small intestine, stomach, large intestine
D. Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, mouth
Answer: A. Mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

8. Which of the following hormones regulates blood sugar levels?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Estrogen
D. Testosterone
Answer: A. Insulin

9. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
Answer: A. Arteries

10. Which of the following is NOT a part of the axial skeleton?
A. Skull
B. Ribs
C. Spine
D. Pelvis
Answer: D. Pelvis

11. What is the function of red blood cells?
A. Carrying oxygen
B. Fighting infection
C. Transporting nutrients
D. Filtering blood
Answer: A. Carrying oxygen

12. Which of the following organs is responsible for producing bile?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Gallbladder
D. Stomach
Answer: A. Liver

13. Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?
A. Lungs
B. Trachea
C. Esophagus
D. Bronchi
Answer: C. Esophagus

14. Which organ is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Answer: B. Liver

15. What is the primary function of the small intestine?
A. Absorption of nutrients
B. Storage of waste
C. Digestion of food
D. Production of enzymes
Answer: A. Absorption of nutrients

16. Which of the following is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism?
A. Adrenal glands
B. Pituitary gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Parathyroid glands
Answer: C. Thyroid gland

17. Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?
A. Bone tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Blood tissue
D. Cartilage tissue
Answer: B. Muscle tissue

18. What is the main function of the urinary system?
A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Production of hormones
C. Elimination of waste products
D. Transport of oxygen
Answer: C. Elimination of waste products

19. Which of the following is responsible for producing antibodies?
A. Lymph nodes
B. Tonsils
C. Thymus
D. Spleen
Answer: A. Lymph nodes

20. Which of the following is the largest part of the brain?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
Answer: A. Cerebrum

21. What is the purpose of the epiglottis?
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To control the flow of urine
C. To protect the trachea during swallowing
D. To aid in digestion
Answer: C. To protect the trachea during swallowing

22. Which of the following is responsible for producing sperm cells?
A. Epididymis
B. Testes
C. Prostate gland
D. Vas deferens
Answer: B. Testes

23. What is the function of the eardrum?
A. Balancing body fluids
B. Transmitting sound waves
C. Filtering air
D. Protecting the inner ear
Answer: B. Transmitting sound waves

24. Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?
A. Artery
B. Vein
C. Capillary
D. Alveolus
Answer: D. Alveolus

25. What is the role of the gallbladder in the digestive system?
A. Production of digestive enzymes
B. Absorption of nutrients
C. Storage and concentration of bile
D. Transport of waste products
Answer: C. Storage and concentration of bile

26. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
A. Drainage of excess fluid from tissues
B. Production of white blood cells
C. Absorption of nutrients
D. Defense against infections
Answer: C. Absorption of nutrients

27. What is the purpose of the mucus in the respiratory system?
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To facilitate gas exchange
C. To protect the airways from dust and pathogens
D. To aid in digestion
Answer: C. To protect the airways from dust and pathogens

28. Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles?
A. Melatonin
B. Insulin
C. Adrenaline
D. Estrogen
Answer: A. Melatonin

29. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
A. Support
B. Protection
C. Blood cell production
D. Muscle contraction
Answer: D. Muscle contraction

30. Which of the following is responsible for the production of red blood cells?
A. Spleen
B. Thymus
C. Bone marrow
D. Lymph nodes
Answer: C. Bone marrow

31. What is the function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear?
A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Maintenance of balance and spatial orientation
C. Production of hormones
D. Transportation of sound waves
Answer: B. Maintenance of balance and spatial orientation

32. Which of the following is the correct pathway of urine through the urinary system?
A. Kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra
B. Bladder, kidneys, urethra, ureters
C. Kidneys, urethra, bladder, ureters
D. Bladder, ureters, kidneys, urethra
Answer: A. Kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra

33. Which of the following is responsible for the production of antibodies?
A. Lymph nodes
B. Spleen
C. Thymus
D. Tonsils
Answer: B. Spleen

34. What is the purpose of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
A. To pump blood to the lungs
B. To regulate body temperature
C. To aid in digestion
D. To facilitate breathing by contracting and relaxing
Answer: D. To facilitate breathing by contracting and relaxing

35. Which of the following is NOT a type of joint in the skeletal system?
A. Ball and socket joint
B. Hinge joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Mucus joint
Answer: D. Mucus joint

36. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
A. Absorption of water and electrolytes
B. Digestion of proteins
C. Storage of bile
D. Production of enzymes
Answer: A. Absorption of water and electrolytes

37. Which of the following is responsible for the production of estrogen and progesterone?
A. Ovaries
B. Uterus
C. Fallopian tubes
D. Vagina
Answer: A. Ovaries

38. What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To protect the eye from foreign objects
C. To focus light onto the retina
D. To produce tears
Answer: C. To focus light onto the retina

39. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?
A. Regulation of metabolism
B. Production of hormones
C. Transmission of nerve impulses
D. Regulation of growth and development
Answer: C. Transmission of nerve impulses

40. Which of the following is the largest bone in the human body?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Tibia
D. Radius
Answer: A. Femur

41. What is the purpose of the red pulp in the spleen?
A. Production of red blood cells
B. Storage of white blood cells
C. Filtering and destroying old or damaged red blood cells
D. Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: C. Filtering and destroying old or damaged red blood cells

42. Which of the following is responsible for the production of milk in the mammary glands?
A. Oxytocin
B. Prolactin
C. Estrogen
D. Testosterone
Answer: B. Prolactin

43. What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
A. Production of mucus
B. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the bloodstream
C. Regulation of body temperature
D. Storage of air
Answer: B. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the bloodstream

44. Which of the following is responsible for the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
A. Pepsin
B. Insulin
C. Gastrin
D. Amylase
Answer: C. Gastrin

45. What is the role of the adrenal glands in the endocrine system?
A. Regulation of blood sugar levels
B. Production of adrenaline and cortisol
C. Regulation of body temperature
D. Control of calcium levels in the body
Answer: B. Production of adrenaline and cortisol

46. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
A. Absorption of nutrients
B. Production of white blood cells
C. Defense against infections
D. Drainage of excess fluid from tissues
Answer: A. Absorption of nutrients

47. What is the function of the tricuspid valve in the heart?
A. To prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium
B. To prevent blood from flowing back into the left atrium
C. To prevent blood from flowing back into the right ventricle
D. To prevent blood from flowing back into the left ventricle
Answer: C. To prevent blood from flowing back into the right ventricle

48. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males?
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Testosterone
D. Prolactin
Answer: C. Testosterone

49. What is the purpose of the synovial fluid in joints?
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To facilitate movement and reduce friction between bones
C. To produce red blood cells
D. To transport nutrients to the joint capsule
Answer: B. To facilitate movement and reduce friction between bones

50. Which of the following is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Pancreas
D. Gallbladder
Answer: B. Kidney

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