1. When emphysema is
present, there is a decrease oxygen supply because of
A. Infectious
obstructions
B. Loss of aerating
surface
C. Pleural effusion
D. Respiratory muscle
paralysis
2. To help a patient
obtain maximum benefits after postural drainage the nurse should
A. Administer the oxygen
prn
B. Encourage the patient
to cough deeply
C. Encourage the patient
to rest for 30 minutes
D. Place the patient in
a sitting position
3. One cause of
spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with emphysema is a
A. Pleval friction rub
B. Puncture wound of the
chest wall
C. Rupture of subpleura
bleb
D. Tracheooesophageal
fistula
4. A patient’s
laboratory report shows acid-fast rods in his sputum. These rods are presumed
to be
A. Bordetella pertussis
B. Diphtheria bacillus
C. Influenza virus
D. Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
5. When assessing a
patient with a suspected atelectasis the nurse would expect
A. A dry unproductive
cough
B. A normal oral temperature
C. Diminished breath
sounds
D. Slow deep respiration
6. An ambu-bag is used
in the intensive care unit when
A. A respiratory arrest
occurs
B. A surgical incision
with copious drainage is present
C. The patient is in
ventricular fibrillation
D. The respiratory output must be monitored
7. Tidal volume can be
explained as the amount of air
A. Exhaled forcibly
after a normal expiration
B. Exhaled normally after
a normal inspiration
C. Forcibly inspired
over and above normal inspiration
D. Trapped in the
alveoli that cannot be extended
8. An example of primary
prevention activities by the nurse would be
A. Assisting in
immunization programme
B. Correction of dietary
deficiencies
C. Establishing goals
for rehabilitation
D. Prevention of
disabilities
9. When caring for a
patient who is HIV positive the nurse should explain to the patient how to
prevent
A. AIDS
B. Kaposis sarcoma
C. Other infections
D. Social isolation
10. When educating the
family of a patient with AIDS who has been discharged the nurse should tell the
family
A. “let the patient eat
from paper plates and discard them”
B. “soak the plates in
hot water overnight before washing”
C. “you need to boil the
plates for 30 minutes after use”
D. “ wash the plates in hot soapy water as you usually
do”
11. A patient who is
exposed to hepatitis A is given gamma globulin to provide passive immunity
which
A. Accelerates
antigen-antibody union at the hepatic site
B. Increases the
production of short – lived antibodies
C. Provides antibodies
that neutralize the antigen
D. Stimulates the
lymphatic system to produce antibodies
12. The benefit in using
tetanus antitoxin is that it
A. Provides a high titre of antibodies
B. Provides immediate
active immunity
C. Stimulates
long-lasting passive immunity
D. Stimulates plasma
cells directly
13. Without any
pathological lesions a patient’s respiratory centre is stimulated by
A. Calcium
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Lactic acid
D. Oxygen
14. One of the commonest
complications of chronic asthma is
A. Atelectasis
B. Emphysema
C. Pneumothorax
D. Pulmonary fibrosis
15. Before a
tuberculosis patient is declared non-infective the nurse must ensure that
A. No acid-fast bacteria
are in the sputum
B. The patient no longer
has the disease
C. The patient’s
temperature is normal
D. The tuberculin skin
test is negative
16. People should be
taught to avoid food products in bulged cans because they might contain
A. Clostridia tetani
B. Clostridia botulinum
C. Escherichia coli
D. Salmonella
17. The nurse should
administer a nasogastric tube feeding slowly to reduce the hazard of
A. Abdominal distention
B. Flatulence
C. Indigestion
D. Regurgitation
18. A patient with
duodenal ulcer would probably describe the associated pain as
A. A generalized
abdominal pain intensified by moving
B. A gnawing sensation
relieved by food
C. An ache radiating to
the left side
D. An intermittent
colicky abdominal pain
19. Prophylaxis for
hepatitis B includes
A. Avoiding expired tin
food
B. Observing food
hygiene
C. Preventing
constipation
D. Screening of blood donors
20. Before giving a
patient digoxin the nurse should check
A. Apex heart rate
B. Difference between
apex and radical pulse
C. radical pulse
D. Respiration rate
21. A patient receiving
propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal) should be told to expect
A. Acceleration of the
heart rate after eating a heavy meal
B. Flushing sensations for
a few minutes after taking the drugs
C. Dizziness with
strenuous activity
D. Pounding of the heart
for few minutes after taking the drug
22. When teaching about
antacid therapy the nurse should include the fact that antacid tablets
A. Are as effective as
the liquid from
B. Interfere with the
absorption of other drugs
C. Must be taken one
hour before meals
D. Should be taken only
at 4-hourly intervals
23. A serious
complication of malaria is
A. Anaemia and
haemorrhge
B. Black water fever
C. Congested lung
D. Impaired peristalsis
24. A patient on Lasix
and digoxin should be observed for symptoms of electrolytes depletion caused by
A. Continuous dypsnoea
B. Diuretic therapy
C. Inadequate oral
intake
D. Sodium restriction
25. Clinical features of
hypokalaemia include
A. Apathy, weakness,
abdominal distention
B. Oedema, bounding
pulse, confusion
C. Spasms, diarrhea,
irregular pulse rate
D. Sunken eye balls,
kussmau/ breathing thirst
26. To prevent pulmonary
embolus in a patient on bed rest the nurse should
A. Encourage deep
breathing and coughing exercise
B. Limit the patient’s
fluid intake
C. Massage the legs
twice daily
D. Teach the patient to
move the legs when in bed
27. The coronary
arteries
A. Carry high oxygen
content blood to the lungs
B. Carry blood from the
aorta to the myocardium
C. Carry
reduced-oxygen-content blood to the lungs
D. Supply blood to the
endocardium
28. The pain associated
with coronary thrombosis is caused primarily by
A. Arterial spasm
B. Blocking of the
coronary veins
C. Irritation of nerve
endings in the cardiac plexus
D. Ischaemia of the heart muscles
29. A common
complication of myocardial infarction is
A. Anaphylactic shock
B. Cardiac arrhythmia
C. Cardiac enlargement
D. Hypokalaemia
30. When a patient is
receiving anticoagulant the nursing care should include observation for
A. Chest pain
B. Epistaxis
C. Headache
D. Nausea
31. A pacemaker is used
in some patient to serve the function normally performed by
A. Accelerator nerves to
the heart
B. A.V node
C. Bundle of his
D. SA node
32. For a patient with
pulmonary edema, the nurse must reduce cardiac overload by:
A. Elevating the legs
when in bed.
B. Putting the patient
in supine position
C. Serving a seasoned
beef to him
D. Using bedside commode
for stools
33. A client is
experiencing respiratory distress but unchanged blood pressure. The immediate
nursing action is:
A. suction of the
patient vigorously
B. put the patient in
high-Fowler’s position
C. give all the
prescribed medications
D. call the respiratory
therapy department for an assistance
34. Interstitial and
intravascular fluids compartments are separated by:
A. Protein pumps
B. capillary wall
C. ionic gates
D. fatty substances
35. Which of the
following is an initial sign of hyperkalaemia?
A. pancytopenia anaemia
B. haemorrhagicanaemia
C. Addison’s pernicious
anemia
D. Aplastic anaemia
36. Extra-cellular
fluids are found in the following compartments except:
A. blood vessels
B. interstitial space
C. spinal cord
D. cytoplasm
37. Which of the
following occurs in cardiogenic shock?
A. flushed, dry skin
with bounding pedal pulses
B. warm, moist skin with
irregular pedal pulses
C. cool, dry skin with
alternating weak and strong pedal pulses
D. cool, clammy skin
with weak or thread pedal pulses
38. A client complains
of intermittent episodes in which the fingers of both hands become pale, cold
and numB. They become reddened and swollen with throbbing pain. The client is
suffering from:
A. Hodgkin’s disease
B. Parkinson’s disease
C. Raynauld’s disease
D. Steven-Johnson’s
syndrome
39. Vitamins are needed
………………. to sustain growth and health
A. periodically in
smaller quantities
B. daily in smaller
quantities
C. annually in greater
quantities
D. periodically in
greater quantities
40. Which of the
following often causes hemorrhagic anemia?
A. physical injury to
either external or internal structures with severe blood loss
B. decreased absorption
of nutrients in the gastro-intestinal tract
C. endocrine changes in
the body
D. lack of
micro-nutrients in the diet
41. In pericarditis,
which of the following clinical features differentiates it from other
cardiopulmonary disease?
A. chest pain that
worsens on inspiration
B. pericardial friction
rub
C. anterior chest pain
D. weakness and
irritability
42. Which of the
following foods can worsen the pain of a client suffering from Raynaud’s
disease?
A. ingestion of coffee or
chocolate
B. ingestion of an offal
C. ingestion of cereals
and pulses
D. ingestion of fruits
and vegetables
43. Potassium excess can
result in:
A. tongue fissure
B. muscle cramps
C. sunken eyes
D. increased sweating
44. In hemorrhagic
anemia, injection…………is given to client to allay anxiety.
A. pethidine
B. Coumadin
C. heparin
D. morphine
45. The byproducts of
all foods oxidized in the body are;
A. amino acids, oxygen
and glycerol
B. fatty acids, glycerol
and carbon dioxide
C. glucose, amino acids
and water
D. carbon dioxide, energy
and water
46. The priority nursing
diagnosis of the acute phase of myocardial infarction is:
A. alteration in comfort
(pain)
B. anxiety
C. ineffective coping
D. impaired tissue
integrity
47. An agent of a
disease is referred to:
A. the affected person
B. the causative organism
C. the method of spread
of the disease
D. the environmental
condition
48. The major function of
sodium in the body is to:
A. promote wound healing
B. to form ATP
C. balance body fluid
D. process extracellular
fluid
49. In preparation of
home-made oral rehydration salt, the following are needed except:
A. 8 heaped teaspoonfuls
of sugar
B. 1 level teaspoonful
of salt
C. 1000mls of wholesome
water
D. a clean container and
its cover
50. The predominant
cation in the intracellular compartment is:
A. chloride
B. calcium
C. magnesium
D. potassium
51. The purpose of
health education is to
A. re-inforce the
doctors instructions for the patient
B. meet the patient’s
informational needs
C. facilitate a research
to be conducted by nurses
D. create a rapport
between the nurse and the patient.
52. In atherosclerosis,
the deposition of fatty material occurs beneath ……
A. the outer lining of
the blood vessels
B. the superficial
venues and arterioles
C. the middle lining of
the blood vessels
D. the inner lining of the
blood vessels
53. Myocardial
infarction is characterized by a prolonged
A. increased supply of
blood and oxygen to the tissues
B. substernal oppression
or pain
C. radiating pains from
the heart to the inner aspects of the arms.
D. emotional change due
to fear of death.
54. Squint occurs when
………….
A. there is an increased
intraoccular pressure
B. there is a failure of
the visual axes to meet at the point being observed
C. there is a displaced
lens
D. the lenses are opaque
55. Squint is also
referred to as …
A. strabismus
B. nystagmus
C. melbomian cyst
D. applanation prisms
56. Nephrotic syndrome
represents a group of symptoms that occur with ….
A. signs of increased
albumin in the blood
B. signs of dehydration
C. signs of heavy loss of
protein
D. signs of decreased
body hormones
57. In the management of
a patient suffering from nephrotic syndrome, the nurse must know that ………
A. the blood has not
been infected
B. the patient is
susceptible to infection
C. the patient’s voice
will become hoarse
D. the patient is helped
with corticosteroid if it is associated with diabetes mellitus
58. In caring for a
patient suffering from nephrotic syndrome, the nurse should understand that
A. He may be conscious of
the disorder but finds it difficult in coping with restrictions of the course
of treatment.
B. He needs
anti-diuretic drugs to enhance recovery.
C. He needs to wear
tight clothing to reduce the occurrence of oedema.
D. He keeps away from
other patients at the warD.
59. Right ventricular
failure (Right-sided-heart failure) is treated by the combination of
A. morphine and
frusemide
B. rest, digitalis and
diuretics
C. morphine, antibiotics
and ant diuretics
D. morphine alone.
60. The primary action
of the nurse in providing care for a patient diagnosed of severe heart failure
is …..
A. to prescribe
anti-hypertensive drugs
B. to restrict patient
from performing an activity
C. talk to patient’s
relative about the need to support patient to recover
D. to identify the cause
and treat promptly with drugs.
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