50 Solved Anatomy and Physiology Multiple Choice Questions MCQ [251 - 300]

251. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Ovaries

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

252. What is the purpose of the alveolar sacs in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of airflow

B. Production of mucus

C. Exchange of gases

D. Protection of the lungs

Answer: C. Exchange of gases

253. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

A. Generation of movement

B. Production of heat

C. Regulation of blood pressure

D. Maintenance of posture

Answer: C. Regulation of blood pressure

254. What is the purpose of the pancreas in the digestive system?

A. Production of bile

B. Storage of nutrients

C. Regulation of blood sugar levels

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: C. Regulation of blood sugar levels

255. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of thyroxine?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: C. Thyroid gland

256. What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?

A. Transmission of visual signals to the brain

B. Protection of the eye

C. Regulation of pupil size

D. Accommodation for near and far vision

257. What is the purpose of the ciliary muscles in the eye?

A. Transmission of visual signals to the brain

B. Protection of the eye

C. Regulation of pupil size

D. Accommodation for near and far vision

Answer: D. Accommodation for near and far vision

258. What is the purpose of the lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

A. Production of lymphocytes

B. Storage of lymph fluid

C. Filtration of pathogens and foreign substances

D. Regulation of blood pressure

Answer: C. Filtration of pathogens and foreign substances

259. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of insulin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: D. Pancreas

260. What is the purpose of the trachea in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Filtration of air

C. Production of mucus

D. Passage of air to and from the lungs

Answer: D. Passage of air to and from the lungs

261. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

A. Protection of internal organs

B. Generation of heat

C. Facilitation of movement

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: B. Generation of heat

262. What is the purpose of the hypothalamus in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Control of vital functions such as breathing and heart rate

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: D. Regulation of hormone secretion

263. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Hypothalamus

Answer: D. Hypothalamus

264. What is the purpose of the bronchioles in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of airflow

B. Production of mucus

C. Exchange of gases

D. Protection of the lungs

Answer: A. Regulation of airflow

265. Which of the following is NOT a function of the reproductive system?

A. Production of gametes

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Fertilization and development of offspring

D. Production of sex hormones

Answer: B. Regulation of body temperature

266. What is the purpose of the adrenal medulla?

A. Secretion of stress hormones

B. Regulation of blood sugar levels

C. Maintenance of fluid balance

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: A. Secretion of stress hormones

267. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of aldosterone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Kidneys

Answer: A. Adrenal glands

268. What is the purpose of the semilunar valves in the cardiovascular system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the ventricles

C. Facilitation of gas exchange

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Prevention of backflow of blood into the ventricles

269. Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of electrical signals from the brain to the muscles?

A. Sensory neurons

B. Motor neurons

C. Interneurons

D. Glial cells

Answer: B. Motor neurons

270. What is the purpose of the placenta in the reproductive system?

A. Production of eggs

B. Secretion of sex hormones

C. Nourishment and oxygenation of the developing fetus

D. Regulation of body temperature

Answer: C. Nourishment and oxygenation of the developing fetus

271. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of progesterone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Ovaries

D. Testes

Answer: C. Ovaries

272. What is the purpose of the ciliary muscles in the eye?

A. Transmission of visual signals to the brain

B. Protection of the eye

C. Regulation of pupil size

D. Accommodation for near and far vision

Answer: D. Accommodation for near and far vision

273. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?

A. Regulation of metabolism

B. Maintenance of fluid balance

C. Regulation of growth and development

D. Production and secretion of hormones

Answer: B. Maintenance of fluid balance

274. What is the purpose of the ureters in the urinary system?

A. Filtration of blood

B. Regulation of blood pressure

C. Storage of urine

D. Transport of urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Answer: D. Transport of urine from the kidneys to the bladder

275. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of glucagon?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pancreas

Answer: D. Pancreas

276. What is the purpose of the meissner's corpuscles in the sensory system?

A. Detection of light

B. Detection of sound waves

C. Sensation of touch and pressure

D. Maintenance of balance and orientation

Answer: C. Sensation of touch and pressure

277. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of testosterone?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Testes

Answer: D. Testes

278. What is the purpose of the biceps brachii muscle in the musculoskeletal system?

A. Flexion of the elbow joint

B. Extension of the knee joint

C. Abduction of the shoulder joint

D. Plantar flexion of the ankle joint

Answer: A. Flexion of the elbow joint

279. Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

A. Coordination of voluntary movements

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Transmission of electrical signals

D. Perception of sensory information

Answer: B. Regulation of body temperature

280. What is the purpose of the gallbladder in the digestive system?

A. Production of bile

B. Storage and concentration of bile

C. Absorption of nutrients

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Storage and concentration of bile

281. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of estrogen?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Ovaries

D. Testes

Answer: C. Ovaries

282. What is the purpose of the epiphyseal plate in the skeletal system?

A. Protection of internal organs

B. Generation of heat

C. Facilitation of movement

D. Bone growth and elongation

Answer: D. Bone growth and elongation

283. Which of the following is NOT a component of the circulatory system?

A. Heart

B. Arteries

C. Veins

D. Lungs

Answer: D. Lungs

284. What is the purpose of the thalamus in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Relay and processing of sensory information

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Relay and processing of sensory information

285. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Ovaries

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

286. What is the purpose of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of airflow

B. Production of mucus

C. Exchange of gases

D. Protection of the lungs

Answer: C. Exchange of gases

287. Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

A. Protection against pathogens

B. Regulation of body temperature

C. Synthesis of vitamin D

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: D. Production of red blood cells

288. What is the purpose of the adrenal glands in the endocrine system?

A. Secretion of stress hormones

B. Regulation of blood sugar levels

C. Maintenance of fluid balance

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: A. Secretion of stress hormones

289. Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of electrical signals between neurons?

A. Sinoatrial node (SA node)

B. Atrioventricular node (AV node)

C. Synaptic cleft

D. Axons and dendrites

Answer: D. Axons and dendrites

290. What is the purpose of the corpus callosum in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Integration of information between the left and right cerebral hemispheres

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Integration of information between the left and right cerebral hemispheres

291. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Kidneys

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

292. What is the purpose of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Protection of the airway during swallowing

C. Generation of sound

D. Facilitation of breathing by contracting and relaxing

Answer: D. Facilitation of breathing by contracting and relaxing

293. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?

A. Transportation of oxygen and nutrients

B. Removal of waste products

C. Regulation of body temperature

D. Distribution of hormones

Answer: C. Regulation of body temperature

294. What is the purpose of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?

A. Regulation of blood sugar levels

B. Production of digestive enzymes

C. Maintenance of fluid balance

D. Production of red blood cells

Answer: A. Regulation of blood sugar levels

295. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of melatonin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Pineal gland

Answer: D. Pineal gland

296. What is the purpose of the peristaltic contractions in the digestive system?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Mixing and propulsion of food along the gastrointestinal tract

C. Production of bile

D. Filtration of blood

Answer: B. Mixing and propulsion of food along the gastrointestinal tract

297. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Filtration of blood

C. Regulation of electrolyte balance

D. Removal of metabolic waste products

Answer: A. Regulation of blood pressure

298. What is the purpose of the occipital lobe in the brain?

A. Regulation of body temperature

B. Control of voluntary movements and coordination

C. Processing of visual information

D. Regulation of hormone secretion

Answer: C. Processing of visual information

299. Which of the following is responsible for the production and secretion of oxytocin?

A. Adrenal glands

B. Pituitary gland

C. Thyroid gland

D. Uterus and mammary glands

Answer: B. Pituitary gland

300. What is the purpose of the quadriceps femoris muscle in the musculoskeletal system?

A. Flexion of the elbow joint

B. Extension of the knee joint

C. Abduction of the shoulder joint

D. Plantar flexion of the ankle joint

Answer: B. Extension of the knee joint